Communism s Effect On Technology - 907 Words

Jalan Herbin History 102 Jeffery Leatherwood 10 September 2015 Communism’s Effect on Technology World War II began because of an invasion from Nazi Germany to Poland causing Britain to declare war on Germany. During the fall of World War II and the beginning of the Cold War, space exploration was at the top of America’s to do list. America was not the only country interested in gaining answers about the solar system and its planets. There were many times during the Cold War where the Soviet Union would have dramatic increases in science and technology. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics also known and the Soviet Union or USSR was a nation located in Eastern Europe and Northwestern Asia and its capital was Moscow. The competition between the United States and the USSR to see who could explore space by using artificial satellites and manned spacecraft began after the launch of the first Soviet satellite. Even though the society of America wanted to pursue the competition, President Eisenhower, however, did not want increase tensions. World War II begun in 1939 and ended in 1945 and was between two groups of countries, Axis Powers and The Allies. The Axis Powers included Germany, Italy, and Japan. The Allies included Britain, France, Australia, Canada, Soviet Union, China, and The United states. After Britain and France declared war on Germany because Germany invaded Poland, World War II began. Initially the War was only between Britain, France and Germany, butShow MoreRelatedUnited States And The Soviet Union1651 Words   |  7 Pagesending in 1991. Although the war had ended, Americans were still in fear of the spreading of communism that may affect their society as a whole. Americans also feared the Soviet Union’s new technological advances such as the launch of Sputnik in 1957. In response, Eisenhower had increased science and math curriculums in educational programs. However, many other social programs were overshadowed by Eisenhower s new policies of pouring a large amount of the U.S. government spen dings into military defenseRead MoreThe Time Period Of The Cold War1387 Words   |  6 PagesCold War, made it hard for Americans to continue their optimism historian Stephen Ambrose commented. This paradigm shift is evident in the texts from the era, and by studying them we come to understand the values and atmosphere of the time and the effect those values had on the texts. The Cold War began after the end of World War II, after the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki by the United States of America; that continued until the early 90s with the dissolving of the Soviet Union. The twoRead MoreThe Great Depression Of The Brave New World934 Words   |  4 Pageswithin today s society. As human have become more civilized the evolution of eugenics, economies, and politics recently occurring events could lead one to believe that humans will eventually have a society like the one in Brave New World . The first example is how every country s economy is in some type of national debt. If major economy were to collapses it will cause a ripple effect throughout the world. This has occurred once in recent history, the Great Depression in the 1930’s . This subsequentlyRead MoreThe World Of The Second World War1641 Words   |  7 Pagesweapons technology, and advancement of science. I. How technology almost ended two countries at once, the not so Cold War. Technology did threaten to end the two nations at once. Historical records show the simulations of attacks and the resulting defense measures for both sides and how at the end, not one of either country would be victorious. Therefore both the United States and the Soviet Union continued to explore science to come up with better ways of defeating their enemies. Technology andRead MoreAp Us History 2001 Dbq Essay1081 Words   |  5 Pagesspread of Communism. I. General American Fears after WWII. A. Spread of Communism fear of U.S. becoming Communist. B. China Communist fear. C. McCarthyism heightened fear. D. Hesitation of action to prevent WWIII ^ fear. II. Eisenhower Administration A. Massive retaliation; nuclear weapons prevented USSR attack. B. Containment policy to prevent war/attack. C. Interstate Highway System to ^ US defense against Communism. D. CIA overthrowing/prevention of spread of Communism. E. KoreanRead MoreJulius And Ethel Rosenberg Was Spies For The Soviet Union Essay1333 Words   |  6 PagesProf. Brian Weber HIST102 I009 20161215 Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were spies for the Soviet Union. They were citizens of the United States and were convicted and executed for committing espionage. They were secretly relaying information about technology and certain prototypes relating to the atomic bombs. This is one of the most infamous cases of espionage. Just nine days after Julius was arrested, United States Forces engaged in the Korean War. It is important to understand not only how theRead MoreVietnam And The Vietnam War1711 Words   |  7 Pages â€Æ' The Vietnam War was one of the bloodiest wars in the history of Vietnam. Vietnam use to be a peaceful country until the idea of communism started spreading across Vietnam. Many wanted to stay democratic but saw what happened to the Germans and started to lean towards communism. Many also wanted to stay democratic and still had it hopes high that it will soon get their lives and economy back on track. It later exploded into a huge argument and then leads to a civil war spurring between NorthRead MoreThe Cold War Between The United States And The Soviet Union1654 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween the two superpowers was tense. To understand the underlying problems between the USSR and the United States, it is crucial to go back into history and reflect on pre World War II. Before World War II, the United States was growing weary of communism and even Joseph Stalin’s way of dictatorship over the USSR. On the other side, the Soviets resented the Americans for the delayed entry into World War II. This delay cost the Russians tens to thousands of casualties. Also the Russians disliked theRead MoreConflict Between North And South Korea957 Words   |  4 PagesConflict in Korea The U.S.’s conflict with North Korea is as old as their leader is short. It all started in the late 40’s and early 50’s with the war on Communism. The U.S. feared the rise of Communism in its neighboring states and the effect it might have on American politics; this phenomenon was referred to as the Domino Effect. As a result of this fear, the U.S. took action in an attempt to avert this perceived inevitability. One of the Nations we took action in was Korea; the North was backedRead MoreThe Influence of Science Fiction1059 Words   |  5 Pagesmessage. Even though the United States and the Allies won World War II, there was paranoia about Communism including the fear of invasion by the Soviet Union and China. This fear came from the Cold War and the failure of the Korean War. The United States had come out of the war as a world power and people felt that the U.S. had a duty to act as a police force around the world in order to stop Communism and Socialism. This lead to feelings of paranoia about what that power would bring to the country

Racism By William Shakespeare s Othello - 1277 Words

Racism in Othello William Shakespeare wrote Othello during the wars between Venice and Turkey dating back to the sixteenth century. On November 1, 1604, Othello was performed for the first time by King’s men at the court of King James I. Race is one aspect that affects people’s lives. â€Å"Racism rejects mankind and a means of legalizing diversity† (Mutlu 135). With traces of racism, Shakespeare portrays the story of a general and his wife. From the beginning of Othello, there is a coordination of racism. Othello is shown a representative of prejudice racism. Othello is a Moor, but dedicates his life to serve the society as a solider. The people referred to him as an â€Å"other†, â€Å"old black ram†, and â€Å"thick-lips†. Before the names, bad decisions are made by the people who are considered to be Othello’s servers. The first voicing of racism begins with Iago. Iago voices his thoughts with the following verses: â€Å"Now, sir, be judge yourself/Whether I in any term am affined/ to love a Moor† (I.I.37-40.1292). When marriage is brought upon, the prejudice of Othello’s race â€Å"puts a wall in front of the eyes of others† (Mutlu 135). Discrimination and prejudice racism should not display itself as mistreating the one that is different. Iago cannot bear Othello being black and having a higher rank than he does. The marriage of Othello and Desdemona sparks the s tart of racism. It adds extra hate onto the already hatred feeling Iago has towards Othello. Iago thinks that an African AmericanShow MoreRelatedRacism By William Shakespeare s Othello1197 Words   |  5 Pagescentury, many scientists supported the belief that the human race could be categorized into different ethnic groups. Racism is generally defined as discrimination, prejudice, or antagonism directed against an individual(s) of a different race or ethnicity based on a certain belief. Every society that once lived on this Earth has essentially been affected by this global issue. Racism has been one of the most malicious aspects of the human race since the very beginning of history, and is still a topicRead MoreRacism And Manipulation Of William Shakespeare s Othello2226 Words   |  9 Pages Racism and Manipulation In William Shakespeare’s Othello Racism has been an inevitable aspect of human society throughout the centuries, from Elizabethan England to â€Å" Separate but equal, here in The United States not too long ago. Shakespeare’s tragic play Othello, portrays a young, and recently married Moor named Othello. His own demise is initiated by various deceits, such as his lofty new position as the Venetian Republic’s army general. During the time Shakespeare lived there was an overallRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1140 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Othello† is a play written by William Shakespeare in 1603. In this play, Shakespeare features three major characters: Othello, Iago, and Desdemona. Othello, a black man, and Desdemona, a white venetian secretly eloped in the play. Iago shows racism and prejudice towards their relationship because of their skin colors. In the play, Iago says: â€Å"Even now, now, very now, an old black ram is tupping your white ewe. Arise, arise! Awake the snorting ci tizens with the bell, or else the devil will make aRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Works Of Shakespeare1126 Words   |  5 Pages Before I start right off in this essay, I believe it s only fair you should know a little back story of the author himself; William Shakespeare. Shakespeare was born April 26, 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon, which is located in the United Kingdom. Even though his goals were to become an actor, he fell into writing and become one of the most well-known writers in his life. There s a lot of controversy surrounding Shakespeare and there s many people who believe that he, himself did not write his famousRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello, The Moor1720 Words   |  7 PagesThe Tragedy of Othello, the Moor the Venice: The Fall of A Man for His Race by Josà © Pineda. Professor Arzola English 2322 5 July 2015 Outline. Thesis: The tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice written by William Shakespeare, the author uses a characters to express the complex social circumstance of race at the time and how the white men’s ideas about black people leads to their hate and downfalls throughout the play. Sociological Approach. I. Summary plot. II. Description of the mainRead MoreOthello : Racism And The Moor1013 Words   |  5 Pages Othello: Racism and the Moor William Shakespeare’s Othello uses the racial tensions of the period to enhance the execution of the play subtly. At the time of his writing, ethnic minorities were so disregarded, almost to the point of being ignored, yet Shakespeare chooses to make the protagonist a black male who rises to power. Repeatedly throughout the play, the contrast of black and white as opposites permeates almost every plotline. When referring to Othello, the otherRead MoreOthello, The Moor Of Venice, Is One Of The Principal Tragedies1180 Words   |  5 PagesOthello, the Moor of Venice, is one of the principal tragedies by Shakespeare. This tragedy contains many themes which are important in society today. Many aspects of people s lives have changed, but the way people think is still the same . Shakespeare s Othello wants to underline the psychological and social impact of racism; and the power of manipulation as well as jealousy. These are the most important themes throughout this drama. Othello takes place in Venice, Italy. He was a black generalRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1178 Words   |  5 Pagesprofitable in condition of good and immorality. Othello is presented as good and Iago as evil, but Iago and Othello’s relationship also shares a distrust of their wives. The overall logical argument is based on love, jealousy and betrayal between two lovers that ultimately leads to their separation because of Iago’s evil plan. I am using this article to agree with Berry s view on how Iago separates two lovers just so he can take retaliation on Othello by manipulating everyone to unmasking their trueRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare894 Words   |  4 Pagesthose that which occurred in Othello written by William Shakespeare. Throughout the play Othello, we see the struggles of a marriage that is not accepted by their society. Othello is a extremely cherished black general living in a primarily white community. The play begins with Othello secretly becoming married to a white woman named Desdemona. This reasons others who are white to become angry and excuse to dislike this black man further more than they already do. Othello is a downward spiral from loveRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare Essay1418 Words   |  6 Pageswork. However, for many centuries the writer has also been seen to have a diagnostic function, scrutinizing the ills of their society and portraying them for the w orld to see. William Shakespeare, 1564-1616, was an English playwright, poet and actor, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world s most distinguished dramatist. His surviving works, including some collaborations, consist of about 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems and a few other verses. His

Marketing Falls Mountain Lodge

Question: Discuss about the Report for Marketing of Falls Mountain Lodge. Answer: Introduction In this assignment, a case study report has been developed for the Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge. It is a small boutique facility of national repute located within the Mount Taranaki National Park of New Zealand. The hotel provides premier accommodation and proposes to expand the room capacity by 15 and exclusive tramping packages. Guests have the opportunity to experience spectacular scenery while enjoying exclusive adventure packages within the environmentally pristine national park. The resort helps to develop clean green environment along with peaceful relaxation. The objective of this assignment is todevelop a Strategic Marketing Plan. It is required to develop vision of the company for 3-5 years. The scope of the report is to analyze the consumer behavior for the resort in line with Tourism life cycle and sustainabilityanalysis. The website of the resort has been analyzed in order to find the possible targets for Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge. In addition, it has been analyzed which part of the market are not considered in the website. There are 5 key points have been provided to improve to the website of Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge. It has also been discussed in this report that Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge can utilize Walshs (2015) Research Opportunity Spectrum in Conjunction with Kozak and Martins (2012) to improve offerings for gold and platinum tourists. Finally a critical review of the promotional strategies for Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge has been developed that will result in channel growth, profitability and increase in revenue. At the last part some recommendations have been provided to the resort for future improvement. Development of a strategic marketing plan As Hosany and Martin (2012) mentioned that, strategic marketing plan is the written document that can be considered as the set of decisions that an organization is trying to achieve. It is a set of goal along with a set of tactics and strategies to achieve those goals. In this section, a strategic marketing plan has been developedfor Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge for three years. Situational analysis PEST analysis Political factor As Manyika et al. (2013) mentioned that, political environment that exists within a country has significant impact on the hotel and tourism industry. It has been found that politics has affected the daily life of many citizens in New Zealand. Hotels and resorts have to come up with ways to cope with the political situation of New Zealand. According to Sigala et al. (2012), the political approach has significantly affected the ability of local visitors to travel around the country. It has been analyzed thatthe business of Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge depends largely on international and local tourists. The New Zealand government has taken various approaches to determine the number of foreign tourist who will visit the country. Economic factors It has been found that the economic focus of the country is on tourism (Kang et al., 2012). The average income level of the country has affected the business performance of Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge. According to Australian Bureau of Statistics the average household income of New Zealand is $67,000 (Hamel Breen, 2013). In addition, the inflation rate has also affected the performance of hotel industry in New Zealand. It has been found that inflation rate of the country is 0.70%, which is considered as the lowest in the world (Kabani, 2013). Social factors The key social factor that affects the business of hotel industry is the consumer life style and the existing food consumption trends (Kang et al., 2012). It has been found that 72% of the total population of New Zealand lives in urban areas (Sigala et al., 2012). They are becoming more health conscious. Their opinion about food and services offered by an organization has significantly affected the business performance of hotel industry. Technological factors As Hosany and Martin (2012) mentioned that adaption of technology ahs significant impact to determine the amount that a customer is willing to pay for the hotels. Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge has improved its standard in order to meet the expectations of tourists. The company has automated its booking system so that customers can book their rooms via interne. In addition, adoption of social media marketing helps the resort to expand its business. Figure 1: PEST analysis for Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge (Source: Okazaki Taylor, 2013) SWOT analysis Strengths The hotel provides premier accommodation and proposes to expand the room capacity by 15 and exclusive tramping packages. Guests have the opportunity to experience spectacular scenery while enjoying exclusive adventure packages within the environmentally pristine national park. It helps the resort high end customers towards it. Weakness The resort is unable to attract middle income level customers due to its high price. In addition, the hotel has some issues related with security and maintenance. The resort has limited its market by not having wireless internet available throughout the hotel. Opportunities The resort should lower its price of rooms in order to attract the local medium income level tourists of New Zealand. The resort can improve its website and increase social media marketing to expand its market. The resort has to focus on product differentiation. Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge has already started too differentiate their products and services for different customers (Gold level and platinum level). Threats The major threat of the resort is the competitiveness of hotel industry. The resort has to go through constant pressure in order to improve its standard. The increasing rate of tax and changing regulations poses major threat for the resort (Manyika et al., 2013). Figure 2: SWOT analysis for Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge (Source : Trusov et al., 2012) Setting vision/ objectives for the company According to Abdulsater et al. (2014), situational analysis helps to answer the question where are we now. Setting the vision or marketing objectives can help to answer the question where do we want to go. In this stage, goals for the company has been developed that can translate the mission of the organization into easily understandable statements related with markets, sales, marketing mix and occupancy. Mission and vision of Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge The mission of the resort is to delight our guests every time by creating engaging experiences straight from our heart. The vision of Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge is to be the first choice for guests, colleagues, shareholders and business partners. Reducing price of rooms in order to attract middle income level customers 1st year Development of social media marketing activity 2nd year Looking to expand business in other cities of New Zealand 3rd year Figure 3: Objective of Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge for next 3 years (Source : Kwong et al., 2012) Development of marketing strategy As Khanna and Palepu (2013) stated that, a proper marketing mix is a crucial for the success of a hotels marketing effort. Marketing mix helps to indicate several variables to target specific category of guests. 1) Services and facilities In order to attract potential customers and guest, the management team of the resort needs to focus on facilities and services. The resort have to select right services and facilities, develop effective promotional strategies (both online and offline) and finally needs to develop effective pricing strategy to attract middle level customers. Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge can improve product offerings like food and beverage, transportation facilities, entertainment, health and wellness facilities, parking facilities, health and wellness facilities. The resort can cater different facilities for different market segments. For example, a leisure guest on a family looks for wellness and recreational facilities of the resort. On the other hand, business travelers like to have facilities like video conferencing, internet connectivity and video conferencing. 2) Place and distribution The hotel is located at the end of Manaia Road in Egmont National Park on Mt. Taranaki. It is located in the native forest, which is itself an attraction (Dawsonfallsmountainlodge,2016). The visitors can enjoy the relaxing Alpine environment with cozy log fires and cold wet days (Dawsonfallsmountainlodge,2016). The resort can use both direct and indirect methods to reach potential customers. Direct Methods Indirect Methods Global Distribution System (GDS) Printed Media Advertisements Hotel Website Booking System Telephone calls Banner Advertisements (Facebook ads and Google ads) Event Planner Travel Agents Online Travel portals (HotelIQ, Trip Advisor) Independent travel agents Independent hotel representatives Figure 4: Direct and indirect methods to reach potential customers (Source : Mullins, 2012) 3) Communication and promotions The sales and marketing director of the resort should try to develop the most effective promotion and communication mix. As Abdulsater et al. (2014) stated that promotion is the method in which a hotel can communicate with its target customers. There is various communication and promotion channels, the resort can use to develop effective communication with tourists. They are such as Facebook Page, Brochures, Hotel websites, Twitter Channel, TV commercials, billboards. 4) Room rate or pricings As Bergek et al. (2013) mentioned that, development of appropriate marketing strategy is a significant aspect of the marketing mix strategy. In order to attract potential customers the resort has to develop appropriate price for the luxury rooms and normal rooms, food and beverage menus. If they are not priced competitively then potential guests can reject the hotel service. As Khanna and Palepu (2013) stated that rates of the hotel rooms has to be categorized in accordance to the change of season. During the peak season, the resort can charge highest (almost double of the normal rate) to the guest. Wang et al. (2012) argued that there is no defined peak season for hotels and it varies hotel to hotel. During the off-season, the demand becomes lowest. At this time, the resort has offer attractive packages for visitors such as Stay for 3 nights and pay for 3 nights. Identification of potential consumer behaviour for Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge Analysis of Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge website The website of Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge has some following in-page contents. They are such as home, rooms rates, bookings, gallery, location, packages, about us, activities and caf. In the home page, a brief description of the resort has been given along with the guest book. In the guest book, customers share various positive reviews about the company (Dawsonfallsmountainlodge, 2016).In the rooms and rates section, description of various types of rooms and their rates has been provided. Customers can book their hotels via online form this section. They are like Honeymoon Suite $230.- for Bed and Breakfast, or $340.- for *Dinner, Bed and Breakfast Package, best views book the Panorama Room 8: $200.- for Bed and Breakfast, or $310.- for *Dinner, Bed and Breakfast Package. The resort has also Spacious Room 5 with views over South Taranaki and Native Bush: $190.- for Bed and Breakfast, or $299.- for *Dinner, Bed and Breakfast Package (based on two guests) (Dawsonfallsmountainlodge,20 16). There are various other types of rooms with different prices, which are discussed in this section. For any booking related enquiry, customers should visit the booking section given in the website. In the gallery section, different images of Mt. Taranaki have been provided along with different delicious foods and luxuries available in the office. In the location section, the map of the resort has been provided along its coordinates and directions. In the "about us section, a brief description about the host has been provided. In the activity section, all the attractive spots near the resort location have been provided. It has been found that there are three major attractive locations are found near the resort. They are such as Envirofur (Possum factory), pioneer village and Tawhiti Museum (Dawsonfallsmountainlodge,2016). Possible targets for Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge based on the website After analyzing the website of Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge, it has been found that the resort mainly focus on quality rather than cost. The management of the hotel always tries to improve customer experience so that they come back again. All the facilities along with friendly behavior, high standard of foods makes it a luxurious resort. Form this analysis it has been found that, the resort is mainly looking to impress high-end customers. No effort has been provided to cut down the cost of rooms. Due to all the luxuries and facilities, the cost of rooms becomes high. For this reason, it has become almost impossible for local tourists (middle level of income) to afford a room at Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge. Hence, it can be stated that middle-income level customers are missing from the target market of Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge. The messages given by the website With the help of the website, management of Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge tries to send the message to the target market that they can enjoy the the parks natural beauty and rich heritage while relaxing in the Swiss style suites. Tourists can have the opportunity to meet with people from all over the world and share delicious foods with each other. They can expect to have a home like experience and friendly behavior form the workers of the resort. It has been mentioned in the company website that It is a privilege for our family to welcome you as guests into our home and to have the pleasure to share this beautiful part of our country. Our hope, on your way down the mountain, is that you carry with you two of lives precious gifts - fond memories and new friends (Dawsonfallsmountainlodge,2016). points to improve the website There are 5 specific points have been mentioned in which the resort can improve its website. Theyare mentioned below: 1) They need to share blogs about different interesting topics related with the lodge. It can be about the location, foods simply just about customers experience during their vacation in the lodge. These blogs can be about room deals or facilities available in the hotel that makes it special. 2) The management of the resort needs to modify the web page and need to add online booking option at every page. 3) They need to implement direct chatting option in the website so that they can interact with customers directly. 4) They can add some money saving packages to attract middle-income level tourists of New Zealand. 5) Give surprise offers for a certain group of customers. For example, Twitter followers and Facebook followers. Consumer behaviour in line with Tourism life cycle and sustainability analysis As Wang et al. (2012) stated that, in order to develop awareness about consumer behaviour, it is required to understand key requirements of the potential market. As Mohammed, and Rashid (2012) stated that Consumer behavior is the study of individuals, groups or organizations and the process they use to select, secure, use and dispose the products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these process have on the consumer and society. It has been found that, presently tourists have become more health conscious. Quality of foods has become one of the most significant factors that can provide sustainable position to the resort in the highly competitive market of New Zealand. Bergek et al. (2013) stated that, presently tourists are looking forward to get extra facilities and luxuries in a resort. For instance, if a tourist comes to stay in a resort for any business purpose, then he or she will expect to get fast and unlimited internet access. On the other ha nd, if a couple come for honeymoon purpose then they will look forward to have luxuries like spa treatment, tourist guides. What are 5 key points on how Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge management could entice the Gold tourist to stay at the lodge? In order to become gold member of the Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge, tourists required to spend 10 nights per year. (It is required for elite status). It has been found that 10% elite bonus required for the Gold tourist. They can book rooms 50 days in advance for reward nights. The facilities that can be provided to the Gold tourists so that Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge can entice them to stay in the resort are mentioned below: Roll-in shower Free breakfast Gold level bathrooms have following accessible areas like towel racks, vanity/sink, closet poles Gold tourists can book their rooms 50 days in advance Call for help (dial 0) button is available What are 5 key points on how Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge management could entice the Platinum tourist to stay at the lodge? In order to become Platinum member of the Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge, tourists required to spend 20 nights per year. (It is required for elite status). It has been found that 25% elite bonus required for the Platinum tourists. They can book rooms 75 days in advance for reward nights. The Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge management provides 5 specific facilities to Platinum tourists in order to entice them to stay in the resort. They are mentioned below: Free airport transfers Free breakfasts Free unlimited internet access Free parking facility Dinner and champagne for special occasions Herbal spa treatments Utilization of Recreational Opportunity Spectrum (ROS) As Mohammed and Rashid (2012) mentioned that, ROS is a tool used to support definition and management of diverse outdoor recreation opportunities. It is based on the assumption that a range of factors (e.g., ease of access, density of use) contribute to recreation experiences, and through arraying various combinations of these factors, distinct recreation opportunities may be defined and managed. Prior to ROS, recreation experiences such as camping had been segmented based upon number factors, influencing satisfaction. These factors were conceptualized as a continua and it is this notion that remains rooted in ROS. It is a Four-tired framework which can link settings, activities, benefits and motivations. There are mainly three types of factors are related with ROS such as resource, social and managerial. What are the ranges of different ROS that are open to Gold tourists? The ranges of ROS open for Gold tourists are mentioned below: The Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge provides exclusive phone numbers for customer services and reservations for Gold level Canada and US tourist members only. The resort can provide various special packages and offers exclusively for elite Gold members like complimentary room upgrade, lounge access and breakfast for 4 guests. They can book rooms 50 days in advance for reward nights. They can provide 250 bonus points for foods and beverages, who stays in Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge. In case of Gold level customers, they only provide free breakfast as it is inexpensive. They have to pay extra if they want to use free internet service and airport transfer facility given by the resort. What are the ranges of different ROS that are open to Platinum tourists? The ranges of ROS open for Platinum tourists are mentioned below: The Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge provides exclusive phone numbers for customer services and reservations for Platinum level Canada and US tourist members only. The resort can provide various special packages and offers exclusively for elite Platinum members. For example, wheelchairs are provided for platinum level customers who are physically challenge. They can use unlimited internet for free. Campaigns are provided to them during special occasions. They can book rooms 75 days in advance for reward nights. The Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge provides 500 bonus points for foods and beverages, who stays in Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge. The resort provides free airport transfers, breakfasts and unlimited internet access to platinum level customers. There are some extra value added services customized in order to fit the amenities and style of the resort. They are some as free parking, dinner, and champagne for special occasions and herbal spa treatments as extra luxuries. There is a table given below to discuss the Recreational Opportunity Spectrum for normal, Gold (elite) and Platinum (elite) members. Range of benefits Normal Gold Platinum Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge reward More than 250 ways to use reward points Late check out Gift shop discounts Lounge access and breakfast Complimentary room upgrade Free local phone Platinum arrival gift Free airport transportation Free parking Champagne for special occasions Herbal spa treatments Figure 5: Recreational Opportunity Spectrum for normal, Gold and Platinum members (Source: Chevalier Mayzlin, 2012) Critical review of the promotional strategies As Christensen and Raynor (2013) mentioned that, independent hotels like Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge do not have the same abundant resources and corporate guidance enjoyed by major business chains. For this reason the resort has carried out and devised their own marketing strategy depending on the quality and style of the hotel and target customers. Mass market promotion The resort has the reach and the marketing power to deliver big numbers when it comes to room nights sold. Most of the travelers of New Zealand are familiar with Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge. It has a dedicated website to support its marketing campaign in the global market. The resort make contract online with both large business chains and individuals to sale hotel rooms on discount. When travelers try to find out hotels near Mt. Taranaki, Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge pops up as their first priority. As Chevalier and Mayzlin (2012) mentioned that, travelers select their hotels depending on the location, facilities and special offers available in that location. Using specialized agencies as selling tools Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge uses travel agencies as the trend of selling tools. These agencies help the resort to find out new ways to compete with renowned online sellers (Rohrs, 2013). For this reason, the resort has started to focus on market niche. For examples, some agencies have specialization to attract customers during off season. They can arrange different types of discounts and special packages for the customers of Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge. It helps the resort to attract customers during the off season. Some agencies often help the resort to develop unique marketing message for tourists, in a way that mass market sellers will not be able to do. Discounts According to Christensen and Raynor (2013), discounts have almost the same effectiveness in hotel business just like any other business. The resort promises its potential guests to provide all the luxuries at lower rate compare to new customers in certain conditions. It also provides attractive discounts on extended stays and frequent visiting. As Blank (2013) stated that, offering discounts helps to improve customer loyalty for an organization. During off seasons, the resort provides on-time special discounts for new customers. It works with local government, to provide special rates in the tourist maps of New Zealand. It helps the resort to gain significant amount of traffic even from one-night-in-town set. It has been analyzed that the cost of sponsorships or promotions for the resort is low and in comparison the potential benefit is high. Partnership activity According to Blank (2013), Promotional strategies that incorporate the needs of more than one business are often cheaper to put together than solo marketing efforts, and appeal to a broader audience. For example, Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge has developed partnership with a local tourist agency. All the tourists, who are using packages form this travel agency, have to stay in this resort, when they come to visit Mt. Taranaki. It cut down the promotional cost for the both the organization as half. Value added promotions As Barrow et al. (2012) mentioned that, value added promotions are both appreciated by clients and sellers. The resort provides different rewards and facilities to the visitors depending on the number of nights they stay. It helps travel agents to sell the luxury rooms easily to potential customers. For instance, the resort provides free airport transfers, breakfasts and unlimited internet access to platinum level customers. All these facilities help the resort to become top priority for the visitors who come to visit Mt. Taranaki. However, all these three facilities are only provided to platinum level customers. In case of Gold level customers, they only provide free breakfast as it is inexpensive. They have to pay extra if they want to use free internet service and airport transfer facility given by the resort. The cost of all these facilities are comparatively but the potential return is high (De Mooij, 2013). There are some extra value added services customized in order to fit th e amenities and style of the resort. They are some as free parking, dinner, and champagne for special occasions and herbal spa treatments as extra luxuries. Social media marketing As Barrow et al. (2012) stated that, Before the guest books your hotel or resort they will probably have done some research to pick the right hotel for them. Through Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and Tripadvisor you have the ability to influence how the guest perceives your hotel or resort before they book.Depending on the customerdemography, the resort has developedappropriate social media campaign. They are mentioned below: Facebook marketing Bergek et al. (2013) stated that Facebook is a place for people to share with their connections all about their vacation pre and post-trip. The resort has developed its own Facebook page, where they share many exiting facts about the resort and its location to attract potential visitors. They have selected an appropriate cover photo for the hotel depending on the seasonality, location and uniqueness of resort. It helps to describe what visitors are going to experience in the resort. They also give updates about the new offers and packages to attract visitors. Instagarm marketing As Barrow et al. (2012) mentioned that, hashtags are the components of using Instagram marketing. As the resort is located beside the Mt. Taranaki, it uses niche hashtags to attract certain group of visitors like #taranakiview. The resort also uses photo contests for customers to show how they enjoy their trip while staying at Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge. It is an effective way to promote positive things about the resort. Twitter marketing In Twitter marketing, the resort has to send a message across in 140 words or less. As Hsu (2012) stated that, Twitter makes it easy for guests to share their experiences with friends to generate referrals. It also provides a gateway to expose guests to what your hotel or resort has to offer. Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge provides different types of offers and packages in Twitter page to attract guests. For example, We are having a Mid-Summer Sale: Buy 2 nights get the 3rd free and All guests who stay now through June 30 get 2 for 1 passes to the Mt. Taranaki. Conclusion In this assignment, a strategic marketing plan has been developed for The Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge located in the Mount Taranaki National Park. In order to analyse the strategic marketing plan situational analysis and SWOT analysis has been conducted. It has been found that the resort has to face tough competition in the hotel industry. The changing rules and regulations also have affected business performance of the hotel. Depending on the analysis strategic marketing plan has been developed for next 3-5 years. In the next stage, the consumers behaviour for the resort has been analysed for different customer segments. In order to analyse consumer behaviour, the website of the resort has been reviewed. Some recommendations are also provided to the resort to improve its website. There some key points have been provided on how Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge management can entice gold and platinum tourists to stay at the lodge. Finally the critical review of the promotional strategies f or the Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge has been done. Depending on all the issues some recommendations have been provided for the resort, so that they can improve their business performance. Recommendations Form the above discussion it has been found that running day-to-day operation of a hotel is not a easy task. The management of a hotel has to develop appropriate policies in order run day-to-day operations smoothly. The hotel management has to make sure that all the hotel guests are treated fairly and equally. For this reason, there are some recommendations have been provided for the Dawson Falls Mountain Lodge to improve its business operation. Development of efficient HVAC system In order to conserve more energy, the hotel management needs to tell their guests that they cannot keep their rooms as cool as they like. It has been found that the hotel management spendmore than 50% of the operational budget on heating and air conditioning. It has been found that using highly efficient High Voltage Alternative Current (HVAC) can helps to save cost for air condition. It uses fewer kilowatts and less energy to heat and cool a room. Taking care of employee welfare Hotel industry is a service oriented industry, where it is important that employees project an outgoing and friendly behaviour towards the customers. The management of the resort has to treat employees fairly and recognizing employees in accordance to their achievement. They need to provide communication training and technical training to the employees so that they can behave properly with their customers. Making differentiation with competitors Providing some unique benefits and facilities can help the resort to differentiate it from their competitors. For instance, the resort can extend the checkout time up to 3 pmor give extra 10% off on every room during off seasons. Focus on customer satisfaction Customer is not always right. It is not always just a catchy phrase. It is also a fundamental strategy of hotel business. If the guests are satisfied with the service, then they will pay positive dividends.On the other contrary, if the guests are not satisfied, then they will give negative posts on hotel review sites. Hence, it will cause loss of customers. Provide better opportunity to the important customers From various statisticalanalyses it has been fund that 20% of the visitors of a hotel are account for 80% of their revenues (Hsu, 2012). As the resort has many large corporate customers, the management of the resort needs to focus on providing direct attention in the marketing campaign for important customers. Reference list Abdulsater, A., Balasubramanian, A., Wang, B., Madani, F., Mansour, M., Talla, R. (2014).Technology Road Map for Tesla Motors Sedan EV.Planning and Roadmapping Technological Innovations.Springer International Publishing. Barrow, C., Barrow, P. Brown, R., (2012).The business plan workbook.Kogan Page Publishers. Bergek, A., Berggren, C., Magnusson, T., Hobday, M. (2013). Technological discontinuities and the challenge for incumbent firms: Destruction, disruption or creative accumulation?.Research Policy,42(6), pp.1210-1224. Blank, S., (2013). Why the lean start-up changes everything. Harvard business review, 91(5), pp.63-72. Chevalier, J. A., Mayzlin, D. (2012). The effect of word of mouth on sales: Online book reviews.Journal of marketing research,43(3), pp.345-354. Christensen, C. Raynor, M., (2013). The innovator's solution: Creating and sustaining successful growth. Harvard Business Review Press. Dawsonfallsmountainlodge,(2016).Dawson Falls Lodge.Dawsonfallsmountainlodge.kiwi.nz. Retrieved 28 August 2016, from https://www.dawsonfallsmountainlodge.kiwi.nz/ De Mooij, M. (2013). Global Marketing and Advertising: Understanding Cultural Paradoxes: Understanding Cultural Paradoxes. Sage Publications Hamel, G., Breen, B. (2013).The future of management. Harvard Business Press. Hays, S., Page, S. J., Buhalis, D. (2013). Social media as a destination marketing tool: its use by national tourism organisations. Current issues in Tourism, 16(3), pp.211-239. Hosany, S., Martin, D. (2012).Self-image congruence in consumer behavior.Journal of Business Research,65(5), 685-691. Hsu, Y. L. (2012). Facebook as international eMarketing strategy of Taiwan hotels.International Journal of Hospitality Management,31(3), 972-980. Kabani, S. (2013). The zen of social media marketing: An easier way to build credibility, generate buzz, and increase revenue. Benbella Books. Kang, K. H., Stein, L., Heo, C. Y., Lee, S. (2012). Consumers willingness to pay for green initiatives of the hotel industry.International Journal of Hospitality Management,31(2), 564-572. Khanna, T., Palepu, K. (2013).Winning in emerging markets: A road map for strategy and execution. Harvard Business Press. Kwong, C.C., Thompson, P. Cheung, C.W., (2012).The effectiveness of social business plan competitions in developing social and civic awareness and participation.Academy of Management Learning Education, 11(3), pp.324-348. Line, N. D., Runyan, R. C. (2012).Hospitality marketing research: Recent trends and future directions.International Journal of Hospitality Management,31(2), 477-488. Line, N. D., Runyan, R. C. (2012).Hospitality marketing research: Recent trends and future directions.International Journal of Hospitality Management,31(2), 477-488. Manyika, J., Chui, M., Bughin, J., Dobbs, R., Bisson, P. Marrs, A., (2013).Disruptive technologies: Advances that will transform life, business, and the global economy. San Francisco, CA: McKinsey Global Institute. Mohammed, A. A., Rashid, B. (2012). Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in Hotel Industry: A framework proposal on the relationship among CRM dimensions, Marketing Capabilities, and Hotel performance.International Review of Management and Marketing,2(4), 220. Mullins, J., (2012). The new business road test: What entrepreneurs and executives should do before writing a business plan. Pearson UK. Okazaki, S., Taylor, C. R. (2013).Social media and international advertising: theoretical challenges and future directions. International marketing review, 30(1), pp.56-71. Rohrs, J. K. (2013). Audience: Marketing in the Age of Subscribers, Fans and Followers.John Wiley Sons. Sigala, M., Christou, E., Gretzel, U. (2012).Social media in travel, tourism and hospitality: Theory, practice and cases. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. Trusov, M., Bucklin, R. E., Pauwels, K. (2012).Effects of word-of-mouth versus traditional marketing: findings from an internet social networking site.Journal of marketing, 73(5), pp.90-102. Wang, C. H., Chen, K. Y., Chen, S. C. (2012). Total quality management, market orientation and hotel performance: The moderating effects of external environmental factors.International Journal of Hospitality Management,31(1), 119-129.

Organizational Behavior and Management

Introduction Directorial behaviour is the study that investigates the blow on persons and groups behaviour in companies undergoing change. This is very important because the resulting knowledge is used to improve the effectiveness of an organization during change (Martin, 2010). Organizational change on the other hand, is the modification in the ranks in an organization.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Organizational Behavior and Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Change is inevitable since organizations operate on open systems which interacting with the dynamic external environment. In the following paragraphs, the themes and statements in the â€Å"Eight Stages† in Kotter’s book â€Å"Leading Change† will be compared and contrasted with specific concepts discussed in the Ivancevich textbook. Stage 1: Establishing a Sense of Urgency Kotter speculates that for change to occur, 7 6% of a company’s population needs to embrace change for it to happen. If the whole company is convinced about the need for change, the easier it will be to implement it (Kotter, 1996). One way of creating a sense of agency, is having an honest and convincing dialogues; especially on the market trends and competition activities. The big idea here is that if many employees are involved in the change, the urgency to implement will be fuelled by the employees themselves. Likewise, Ivancevich points out that motivating the employees is important to initiate change. This is because if some employees are motivated, they are bound to motivate their mates (Ivancevich, 2010). When employees talk about the impending change, they will be actually be promoting it. A proper channel should be chosen for communicating matters related to the impending change. This will make sure that all aspects of the change are understood and avoid the spread of wrong information in form of rumours. Wrong information has the potential of creating unrest and this should be avoided. Step Two: Unite a Powerful alliance In order to convince employees that change is crucial, a strong leadership and visible support from the directors should be established. A coalition of professionals from different disciplines should lead the change. Some of these leaders would be needed for their expertise, status and political influence (Kotter, 1996).Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Once the leaders in the organization have been identified, they should be urged to be fully committed up to the emotional level. The coalition formed should then work as a team so as to balance out their weaknesses. This is very important since individuals from different disciplines are bound to disagree and have shortcomings. However, Ivancevich points out the need of recognizing the impact of an informal orga nization in implementing change. There is need to use informal leaders to help initiate change, since formal organizations are usually resistant to change. Communication is much widespread and free in an informal setting than in a formal one. This means that people will be aware of the change in a more casual way and easily adapt to it. Also, communication channels in a formal setting are slower and usually appear dictatorial. On the other hand, an informal way is more welcomed. Step Three: Create a Vision for Change The third step in effecting change, involves setting of a clear vision which can help everyone in the organization understand why and how the change is needed and implemented. The management must ensure that everybody in the organization understands everything regarding the impending change. People tend to accept directives as long as they understand them; therefore proper vision statement is vital for change (Kotter, 1996). In this step, the values that are vital to th e change are determined and a short summary that sets out the future of the organization is developed. Also, everyone in the organization should understand the methods needed to execute the vision created. Ivancevich supports this stage since he emphasizes on the need to have a clearly set vision, mission and plan for change to be successful. This is important as people work best when they know what is expected of them. Step Four: Converse the idea After the mission has been set, it needs to be spread in a very influential way. Since there are usually many messages communicated daily in an organization, the vision of the change has to be communicated in a way that is bound to leave an impact. Therefore, the change vision should be stated powerfully and frequently.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Organizational Behavior and Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It should also be embedded somewhere ever ybody in the corporation has a high chance of reading it (Kotter, 1996). During meetings, the change leaders should mention the vision or at any other suitable time. Additionally, the vision should be the basis of making the current decisions and solving the present problems. By keeping the vision fresh on everyone’s minds; it will be a reminder of how to proceed with the current duties. Most importantly, the leaders should be the role model when it comes to adopting change. Ivancevich addresses this issue on his theme of communication. Step Five: Removal of Resistance Kotter’s fifth step in organizational change, points out to the need to remove opposition to transformation. If most of the employees have already embraced change, the few resisting should be eliminated for change to proceed smoothly. It is important for the leaders to identify individuals who are embracing change and those who are not. Once they are identified, the leaders should do their best to convin ce them on the importance of change. If they are still resistance, they should be let go. Rewarding individuals embracing change can be used to encourage the resistant to follow suite. Ivancevich outlines reasons of resisting change: certain employees usually see a change as a form of the bosses to benefit themselves. Others resist simply because there are uncertainties surrounding the whole issue of change. Therefore, due to fear and selfishness, they oppose change. Ivancevich also recommends that the individuals resisting change to be enlightened on the benefits of the change. One of the differences between Ivancevich and Kotter is that Ivancevich recommends the use of force to ensure that change is implemented. Ivancevich therefore, partially supports this stage. However, both of them agree that resistance should be uprooted. Step Six: Create Short-term Wins Success is the best motivator, and therefore employees should be given a chance to celebrate every success in implementing change. Short-term goals in the change process should be set with the aim of achieving the greater change (Kotter, 1996). The goals that are reasonably achievable should be evaluated to see if everything is going according to the plan (Pitts, 2006).Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For example, by observing sure-fire projects that will not receive any strong critics or expensive, leaders will be able to asses the success rate of the change. Also, they will be able to predict the speed of implementing rate and its efficiency in operation (Kotter, 1996). Finally they will be able to analyze the potential pros and cons of the intended change. If the early targets do not succeed, the entire change process can easily be shattered. In comparison, Ivancevich states that employees like being rewarded for work well done. This is achieved if targets are well set and rewards, either in verbal form or promotions, are given to those contributing to change (Martin, 2010). Step Seven: Capitalizing on the Change Kotter reasons that a lot of change programmes are unsuccessful because triumph is announced prematurely. Quick wins are only the beginning of what needs to be done, consequently, after every win, it is wise to analyze what went right and what can be worked on as far as the next set targets are concerned. To continue building on the momentum already achieved and to keep ideas fresh, new change agents and leaders in change coalition will be needed (Kotter, 1996). In support of this step, Ivancevich points to individuals who act as catalysts and assume the responsibility of managing change activities; they can be managers or employees. Step Eight: Attaching the Changes in the Company’s Traditions At last, to make any change solid, it should be a part of the company’s main business. Because company culture often dictates its activities, the values behind the change vision must be noticeable in the daily work. As a result, efforts to guarantee that the change is experienced in each and every aspect of the organization should be made. This is bound to bring about change in the company’s culture (Kotter, 1996). Ivancevich describes culture as the manner things are done around a certain society. Therefore if change is incorporated in the company culture, it is likely to stick and be accepted as a norm. References Ivancevich, K. (2010). Organizational Behaviour and Management. Boston: Harvard. Kotter, A. (1996). Leading Change. New York: Harvard Business School Publishing. Martin, J. (2010). Business and Economics. New York: Macmillan. Pitts, J. (2006). The Effects Of Managerial Communication and Justice Perceptions. Seattle: Yellowstone. This term paper on Organizational Behavior and Management was written and submitted by user Jovani S. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Global Warming-Real or Just a Bunch of Hype

Global Warming-Real or Just a Bunch of Hype Free Online Research Papers Over the past several years, the media has literally bombarded the public with a plethora of information pertaining to the implications that the greenhouse effect will lead to global warming. Alan Caruba explains that it is because of the media’s goal to capture a sizeable audience that these predictions are constantly in the news (58). Some people are convinced that global warming is a serious issue, while others view the information as a bunch of hype and see no reason to be concerned. The evidence presented can be looked at in different ways, and often is, when viewed by different scientists. While Robert C. Balling Jr. admits that the global temperature has increased over the last 25 years, he states that former Vice-President Al Gore and some scientists have overstated the figures (46). On the other hand, Darren Goetze warns that global warming does, in fact, exist and is a real threat to human life, as well as, plants and animals (26). It is because of these conflicting theories that we need to examine the evidence so that we can come to some sort of conclusion and see what, if anything, can be done to preserve our earth. Recent Atmospheric Changes For thousands of years, the atmosphere has gone through many stages of warming and cooling. The process has been so slow to progress in the past that plant and animal life have had time to adjust to the changes. Geoffrey Saign warns that â€Å"if the current predictions of increased global warming are accurate, the earth’s average temperature would rise higher than it has in the past 125,000 years† (149). Mark Bush has stated that one statistic about hot and cold seasons in not enough proof that global warming is actually taking place, but he also concedes that the 10 highest recorded temperatures have occurred between the years 1980 1995 (320). The above graph shows the record of global average temperatures that has been compiled by the Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research of the United Kingdom Meteorological Office. Could the climate’s natural variability be the only cause of these changes? The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change doesn’t think so. Their Second Assessment Report provides evidence that heat-trapping human activities- such as carbon dioxide from burning coal, oil, and gas- are in part driving global warming by increasing the amount of the sun’s heat trapped in the earth’s atmosphere. This extra heat is making the global climate system unstable. The Intergovernmental Panel concluded that the rise in temperature and change in climate are â€Å"unlikely to be entirely natural in origin† and that â€Å"the balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate†. (Goetze 26) The Greenhouse Effect Human Activity The greenhouse effect is a natural process that occurs when heat from the sun is reflected off the earth’s surface and then held in the atmosphere, instead of escaping into space. Bush explains how this works; The greenhouse effect is thought to be increased as concentrations of water vapor and carbon dioxide rise or to be lessened as they decline. As air warms, its capacity to hold water vapor increases. If atmospheric pollution causes air temperatures to rise, the water-holding capacity of the air will increase, and it is this additional water vapor that would be the primary greenhouse gas of global warming (Bush 321). When there are more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, then more heat gets trapped in the air around the planet. Saign fears that â€Å"humans are influencing the temperature of the planet by releasing large amounts of greenhouse gases† (156). The U.S. Congress states that the impacts on greenhouse gases due to human activity include the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, fertilizing croplands, and heating, air-conditioning, and lighting buildings (3). Some of the gases that are responsible for warming the Earth are; chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrogen oxide. Carbon dioxide is the major greenhouse gas and an emission of this gas is added to the atmosphere by burning gasoline in cars, trucks, airplanes, deforestation. Methane is second in line of importance and is derived from such things as; rice paddies, bovine flatulence, bacteria in bogs (ecobridge). Effects of Global Warming Geoffrey Saign warns people to expect changes to take place due to the effects of global warming. Some of the changes would include; more erratic and unpredictable weather patterns, a melting of polar ice would cause the sea levels to rise, because of increased heat, more moisture would be in the air and this would cause some areas of the world to experience more rain and flooding while other areas would experience major periods of drought, a loss of biodiversity would make the natural ecosystems highly unstable (150). According to Goetze, â€Å"a rise of 6 to 37 inches in sea level with persistent flooding endangering coastal wetlands and human settlements† (27) is a major possibility as well as, a greater chance of more human diseases in tropical areas. Changing For a Better Earth Saign suggests several things people can do to help preserve our Earth. Practice energy conservation Drive less, buy fuel-efficient vehicles, more use of mass transit Recycle use recycled products Check into solar and wind energy systems for your home Plant more trees in your yard Ask your legislators to call for the U.S. to lead the world in required lessening of carbon dioxide emissions â€Å"If we wait for absolute proof that global warming is a serious problem that humans are causing, and it does occur, it may be too late to reverse the trend† (Saign 150). There are many different solutions, that have been identified by scientists and economists, which are technically feasible and cost-effective if we are serious about reducing emissions in an effort to take care of our planet. By investing in new vehicle technologies, renewable energy sources, and cutting oil and coal subsidies, we would not only help preserve the Earth but, we would have the added benefit of cutting down on air pollution and creating more jobs in the field of technology. As long as there are individuals with their own opinions living on this Earth, we will continue to hear conflicting viewpoints about whether global warming is real or just a bunch of hype. What we cannot ignore is the fact that the temperatures have been getting warmer every summer and the weather patterns have become very erratic. Whether we are convinced or not that this highly controversial issue is actually taking place, preserving our planet is something that everyone should be concerned with, if not for ourselves, for the future generations to come. Balling Jr, Robert C. The Threat of Global Warming Has Been Exaggerated. Conserving the Environment os (1999): 46-52. Bush, Mark B. Ecology of a Changing Planet. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall, 1997. 3-350. Caruba, Alan. The Media Exaggerate Environmental Crises. Conserving the Environment os (1999): 58-62. Global Warming: the Evidence. Ecobridge. 12 Apr. 2007 . Goetze, Darren. Global Warming is a Serious Problem. Conserving the Environment os (1999): 26-29. Saign, Geoffrey C. Green Essentials-What You Need to Know About the Environment. 1st ed. San Francisco: Mercury House, 1994. 149-164. Sullivan, W T., comp. United States. Cong. Changing by Degrees-Steps to Reduce Greenhouse Gases. 101st Cong. Washington: GPO, 1985. Research Papers on Global Warming-Real or Just a Bunch of HypeRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andPETSTEL analysis of IndiaGenetic EngineeringCapital PunishmentEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaDefinition of Export QuotasThe Spring and AutumnTwilight of the UAW

The Difference Between Vice and Vise

The Difference Between Vice and Vise American English makes a distinction between vice (moral depravity) and vise (a tool). However, that distinction is not made in British English, where vice is used for both senses. Definitions The noun vice means an immoral or undesirable practice. In titles (such as vice president), vice means one who acts in the place of another. The expression vice versa means conversely or the other way around. In American English, the noun vise refers to a gripping or clamping tool. As a verb, vise means to force, hold, or squeeze as if with a vise. In both cases the British spelling is vice. Examples In those days the worst vice in England was pride, I guess- the worst vice of all because folks thought it was a virtue.(Carol Ryrie Brink, Caddie Woodlawn, 1936)The vice president acted as an intermediary to resolve disputes involving two or more agencies.Animals breathe in what animals breathe out, and vice versa.(Kurt Vonnegut, Cats Cradle, 1963)American usageHe went to the end of the tool bench and cranked open the vise, then slipped a small piece of sheet metal in and clamped the vise tight.(Trent Reedy, Stealing Air, 2012)American usageSometimes Rupert defined things in a new way- love grips you like a vise, then caresses you like a silk scarf, then bangs you on the head like an anvil.(Sabina Murray, A Carnivores Inquiry, 2004)British usageAfter softening a horn by boiling it in water, he flattens it in a vice before taking his razor-sharp penknife to carve a pheasant, fox, leaping salmon, or ram’s head as decoration.(Tony Greenbank, Master of the Crookmaker’s Cra ft. The Guardian [UK].,  May 4, 2015) British usageI had caught her in my arms, and the sting and torment of my remorse had closed them around her like a vice.(Wilkie Collins, The Woman in White, 1859) Usage Notes In American English, a vice is an immoral habit or practice, and a vise is a tool with closable jaws for clamping things. But in British English, the tool is spelled like the sin: vice.(Bryan A. Garner, Garners Modern English Usage, 4th  ed. Oxford University Press, 2016)Warren County deputies were called to investigate a shooting in Lake Luzerne, New York, on the evening of May 12, 2007. When they arrived, they found the victim, Damion Mosher, had sustained a wound in his abdomen from a 22-caliber bullet. Even though the deputies werent from the vice squad, they quickly discovered that the perpetrator was . . . a vise. Mosher had been discharging the bullets by clamping them in a steel vise, putting a screwdriver on the primer, and striking the screwdriver with a hammer so he could sell the brass shell casings for scrap (which goes for $1.70 a pound). Mosher was on his nearly hundredth bullet when he lost the final round.(Leland Gregory, Cruel and Unusual Idiots: Chronicles of Mea nness and Stupidity. Andrews McMeel, 2008) Practice (a) The problem with a lot of people is that what they think is a virtue is actually a _____ in disguise.(Kevin Dutton, The Wisdom of Psychopaths, 2012)(b) Migraines, the bane of my life, surged up; my head felt as if it were clamped in a powerful _____.(Maud Fontenoy, Challenging the Pacific: The First Woman to Row the Kon-Tiki Route, 2005)(c) What used to happen in fashion was that the pendulum would swing: if thered been short hair for a while, then it would go long, and _____  versa.(Sam McKnight, Kate Moss Hair Stylist: British People Wear Their Hair as a Tribal Badge. The Guardian [UK],  September 15, 2016) Answers (a) The problem with a lot of people is that what they think is a virtue is actually a vice in disguise.(Kevin Dutton, The Wisdom of Psychopaths, 2012)(b) Migraines, the bane of my life, surged up; my head felt as if it were clamped in a powerful (vise [US] or vice [UK]).(Maud Fontenoy, Challenging the Pacific: The First Woman to Row the Kon-Tiki Route, 2005)(c) What used to happen in fashion was that the pendulum would swing: if thered been short hair for a while, then it would go long,  and vice versa.(Sam McKnight, Kate Moss Hair Stylist: British People Wear Their Hair as a Tribal Badge.  The Guardian  [UK],  September 15, 2016)

Marketing Planing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Marketing Planing - Essay Example It is expected your report demonstrates strong evaluative style you should draw on the relevant theories covered within the course (course book attached) you must relate your answer to your chosen organization ( eg : Barclay's, HSBC U.K etc) Harvard referencing Stlye This paper is aimed at looking at how the recent credit crunch is affecting banks and how this in turn affects international business. The paper argues from a marketing point of view. Here the paper looks into how marketing can help restore confidence and competitive advantage into some of these troubled banks. The recent credit crunch in the U.S is a cause for concern for governments, regulatory bodies, businesses, individuals, stock markets, etc. This issue is affecting world trade in that it is currently making it difficult for banks to provide loans to businesses given the significant losses encountered so far as following prior sub-prime mortgage lending. The first part of the paper looks into the institution in question. Here our institution under case study is the Barclays bank. The first part of the paper discusses the various ways through which Barclays bank could be affected by the crisis. The second part of the paper discusses the role of marketing towards restoring a com petitive advantage and creating value for Barclays bank. The last part of the paper presents the conclusion and recommendation. Bar... The last part of the paper presents the conclusion and recommendation. 1.1 Overview of the institution under case study -Barclays Bank Barclays PLC (Barclays) is an international and major player in the world financial system. It is headquartered in the United Kingdom, a global financial services provider and is engaged in retail, commercial banking, credit cards, investment banking, wealth management and investment management services. (Report 2008). The bank is present in Europe, United States, Africa and Asia using different strategies with respect to different markets. According to an independent analyst review, the Company operates in business segments: For example, UK Retail Banking, Barclays Commercial Bank, Barclaycard, Global Retail and Commercial Banking (GRCB)-Western Europe, GRCB-Emerging Markets, GRCB-Absa, Barclays Capital, Barclays Global Investors and Barclays Wealth (Company's Report 2008). Today, Barclays Plc is listed in major stock exchanges in the world such as the London, the Tokyo and the New York etc. Barclays Plc has consolidated its position through a series of mergers and acquisitions. For example, according to the company's web page, in November 2008, Barclays PLC announced that it has completed the purchase of the Italian residential mortgage business of Macquarie Group Limited. According to the company's (2008) report, Barclays PLC was ranked as the 25th largest company in the world according to Forbes Global 2000 (2008 list) and the fourth largest financial services provider in the world according to Tier 1 capital ($32.5 billion). It is the second largest bank in the United Kingdom based on asset size, although its

Customer Relationship Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Customer Relationship Management - Essay Example The paper tells that privacy refers to a state of personal information being kept free from unsanctioned intrusion. It is concerned with the handling and protection of personal information that is sensitive. Individuals often give such information in the course of everyday business. On the other hand, data security is a means of ensuring that personal data is kept safe from corruption and access suitably managed and controlled. The differences between privacy and data security are important in handling customer information. This is the reason many organizations have staff responsible for data security totally separated from those in charge of privacy. The differences will ensure that the company responsibly uses customer data to avoid legal suits related to misuse of customer information. It will also help in building customer trust. Building customer trust is vital for the company’s success. This is because it has the impact of building or breaking customer loyalty with the c ompany. For this reason, customers prefer that their private information be kept secret, only being disclosed to authorized persons under their consent. It is, therefore, important that the company maintain both data privacy and security. Customers mainly trust those companies that they believe maintain a high degree of privacy and security of their information. However, companies that do not maintain security and privacy of customer’s data may not be able to ensure customers’ trust. This in most cases resulted in legal action by customers who feels aggrieved by leakage of their personal information... Selladurai, (n.d) notes that companies that apply mass customization realized many positive outcomes. The advantages they attribute to the fact that mass customization increased their market share, customer satisfaction, expanded customer knowledge, and reduced their order response time. Others reported reduced manufacturing cost, which resulted in increased profits. Customers benefit from the fact that they are reasonably priced, and products are manufactured in accordance with their personal preferences and specifications. Disadvantages of Mass Customization Companies that practice mass customization reported a number of disadvantages. Most notable one is the fact that it increases the cost of production. This is due to the use of premium cost that the manufacturing system incurs for factoring in the flexibility of customization, and for sacrificing a certain degree of cost efficiency that is associated with standardization. Mass customization also lowers on time delivery to the cu stomers. It lowers supplier delivery performance due to uncertainty in customer specification, which result in increased order response time. The method may also result in low product quality. On the customer’s point of view, mass customization result in increased lay over time. This makes the product take longer to reach them. Customers are also not given a chance to return a customized product in case they are unsatisfied with the quality (Selladurai, n.d). Types of Mass Customization Component Sharing Modularity Mass Customization In this case, component swapping modularity is used to customize products by reusing a functional module across a variety of products. It can be a single motor across the power tools or in case

Which three poems show alternate views of death Essay Example for Free

Which three poems show alternate views of death Essay Remember, Plena Timoris, and Refugee Mother and Child all depict alternate outlooks on death, yet similarly emanate from the prospect of lost love. Remember by Christina Rossetti is about the uncertainty when anticipating death; Plena Timoris by Thomas Hardy is about the death of a woman due to the transience of love and the effect of this death on another woman; conveying a similar stance to Refugee Mother and Child by Chinua Achebe, which is about the death of a child in times of famine and destitution, as both view death in a negative light. Plena Timoris, or a woman full of fear and dread, revolves around the theme of the transience of love and warns of the dangers of becoming too attached to your lover. The melancholic tone of the poem is immediately inferred, as the use of Latin in the title automatically indicates a certain formality. Indications of the fact that it was written during the Victorian period are also made evident through use of language such as tryst, suggesting that the lovers are meeting in secret. This reflects the discreetness of courtship during the Victorian era, as a man could not publicly declare his adoration for a woman, nor could she respond. The reader is primarily introduced to the lovers in the first stanza, where a romantic and light-hearted mood is created through the use of alliteration in her earrings twinkled; her teeth, too shone and they laughed and leant. There is an immediate mood change thereafter, once the dead body of a woman is found in the river. Not only is action indicated by the immediate change in atmosphere, but is also accentuated by Hardys use of the triplet climbed over; slid down; let go. The tone for the rest of the poem is a depressing and dismal one. This is given prominence to through Hardys use of ominous and morbid language, such as in the statement a dripping body began to show, thus showing the reader the dangers of unreciprocated love; so much for love in this mortal sphere!, implying that it is considered unfeasible to find real love on earth. There is yet another immediate change in tone hereafter, once the reality of death has hit the female protagonist in the poem. She becomes, along with the mood, detached, aloof and indifferent, as intensified by the simile it seemed as to freeze her. Hardys use of long vowels in day and lay also slows down the pace of the stanza, and further stresses the mournful tone of the poem. After witnessing the death, the reader learns that she no longer feels safe as his arm dropt from his as they wandered away; it is presumed that the arm represents security, and thus the girl is willingly abandoning the connection she had with her lover. In Remember, Rossetti directly addresses her lover regarding her forthcoming death, resulting in the use of an advisory tone throughout the poem. Similarly to Plena Timoris, an overtone of mournfulness and grief is also present, and this is emphasized by the repeated imperative to remember me, as well as the euphemistic feel created by the metaphor Remember me when I am gone away/Gone far away into the silent land. Her comparison of death to a journey sets a tranquil mood for the remainder of the poem, as the words silent land indicate a dormant state; a remote place that is neither happy nor painful. Comparatively to Plena Timoris, Rossetti is torn between love and death; on one hand, she seems to be truly devoted to her lover, and begs him to remember her once she is dead; on the other hand, she seems nonchalant in her compliance to tell him to forget her just the same, as shown in the opening line, Remember me when I am gone away. In contrast to Plena Timoris however, she is not frightened of death, nor scared of what will become of her, and needless to say death has not made her reconsider her relationship with the one she loves. Unlike Plena Timoris, Remember is written as a sonnet, implicating that Rossetti is trying to be calm and rational about death, and she is doing so by controlling her inclinations into an ordered poem. Again, in contrast to Plena Timoris, the sonnet indicates that this poem was written during the Renaissance era, a time when love and courtship was openly celebrated opposed to in secret. In this sonnet, the octet is used to depict the problem, You understand it will be late to counsel then or pray, in contrast to the sestet where Rossetti offers a solution; Yetdo not grieve. As well as this, the regular rhythm throughout the poem keeps with the formal structure, and differentiates between her irregular contradictory thoughts. This is clearly shown in the poem when she hesitates between telling her lover to remember her when she has gone away, yet advises them to forget and smile rather than that you should remember and be sad. In one way, this makes it seem as if Rossetti has accepted death, almost as if she is anticipating it without worry. However, in the line nor I half turn to go yet turning stay she shows that she is still torn between life and mortality; both her lover and her death dominate her thoughts. Refugee Mother and Child portrays the harshest depiction of death and its tragic value out of the three poems, as told from a narrative viewpoint. In contrast to the first two poems, Achebe is a visitor at the scene of death, not experiencing it personally with a lover like in Plena Timoris and Remember. However, as a result, he reflects upon the inevitable tragedy he has witnessed. On the whole, Refugee Mother and Child is about the theme of the strength of humanity. Comparably to Plena Timoris, the reader gets an immediate implication of what the poem is about from the title; in this case, war. His use of foreshadowing in the first stanza in the line for a son she would soon have to forget also adumbrates the events to come for the reader. He emphasizes both his horrific and shocking view of death, and the ruthless circumstances of war and famine in his own country, through his use of vivid imagery in the second stanza, the air was heavy with odours of diarrhoea of unwashed children with washed-out ribs and dried-up bottoms. The cruelness and realism of death are also made present throughout the poem, shown through Achebes use of deathly connotations such as ghost and skull. It is also similar to Remember and Plena Timoris in the fact that love is lost somewhat unwillingly as a result of death. Achebe shows his approbation for the woman and her love for her son by comparing them to Madonna and Child; this representation of the epitome of a perfect white mother-child relationship greatly contrasts the black refugees that they represent. Contrast is also used to put emphasis on the, aforementioned, horrors of famine, as seen in washed and unwashed. Her love for her son is yet again accentuated in the line as she combed the rust-coloured hair left on his skull. The fact that she is combing his hair shows that she deeply cares for and has not given up hope for him yet. However, this is conflicted by the simile now she did it like putting flowers on a tiny grave, as it in fact shows that deep inside she has faced reality and knows that her son she soon would have to forget. In all three poems a great number of different linguistic styles and techniques are used by the poets to portray their alternate views of death. Plena Timoris successfully juxtaposes the living with the dead to emphasize the transience of love; the contrast between staying with the one you love and death results in an ambiguous yet slightly more optimistic outlook on death in Remember, whilst similarly in Refugee Mother and Child, the images of death are contrasted with the loving and caring impression of the mother created by Chinua Achebe. All in all, these alternate depictions of death are not only successfully accentuated by contrast, but by use of vivid language and imagery as well.

The Thigh Gap Epidemic Essay -- Beyonce photoshopping

Beyoncà © Knowles- Carter is an aspiring artist in the music industry and a major role model for young women of all ages. However, on April 10th of 2014 commenters online slammed the thirty-two year old singer regarding her photoshopped thigh gap in a vacation snap of herself playing golf in the Dominican Republic (see fig. 1) (Dodge). http://images.lifeandstylemag.com/uploads/posts/image/43112/beyonce-thigh-gap-photoshop-1.jpg Fig.1. Beyoncà © photoshops thigh gap Beyoncà © was also accused of using a clone stamp tool to make her thighs appear thinner). After this heating controversy there is no saying if this singer will be able to retain her Queen Bee status. A thigh gap is identified as a gap that becomes evident between a woman's inner thighs when she stands with her feet together. If you haven't heard of it, it’s probably because it doesn't exist in the majority of the population. The infamous thigh gap has been a growing obsession among young girls over the past decade; a bodily phenomenon that has been constantly flaunted by supermodels have brainwashed teenage girls into feeling the need to achieve this thigh gap. Through snapshots on Instagram and Image posts on Tumblr and various social media, the desire for the thigh gap has become a phenomenon. https://i.ytimg.com/vi/S6UcJx-ole8/hqdefault.jpg Fig. 2. Painting of a Renaissance Woman. Women weren’t always striving for a thin physique. In fact, women were once admired for their natural, God-given bodies. For Instance, during the Renaissance era (1400s- early 16th century) the more voluptuous a woman’s body was, the more she was desired (Kuchinsky). Painting... ...d over to the states as more young women strive to achieve thinner physiques. Works Cited Dodge, Shyam. â€Å"Beyonce slammed by fans as she is accused of photoshopping a 'thigh gap' into bikini photo†. DailyMail, 2014. Web. 9 May 2014. London, Bianca. Jones, Toni. â€Å"Skinny models spark disturbing trend for 'thigh gap' lipo treatment on Harley Street†. Dailymail, 2013. Web. 10 May 2014. Kuchinsky, Charlotte. â€Å"Beauty through the ages—The Renaissance†. Thebeautybiz, 2007. Web. 9 May 2014. Np.â€Å"A Timeline of Sexy Defined Through The Ages†. Stylecaster, 2010. Web. 9 May 2014. Np.â€Å"Late Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century Economic Trends†. Westga, nd. Web. 10 May 2014. Np.â€Å"Social Media & EdTech†. EdTechRevolutionInEducation, 2013. Print. Np.â€Å"Thigh Gap—Origins of the phenomenon†. Wikipedia, 2014. Web. 10 May 2014.

Financial System of Kazakhstan

Suleyman Demirel University Course work: Analysis of strengths and weaknesses of financial system in Kazakhstan Done by: Abeu Azamat Economics1 Date______________ Almaty 2010 Introduction Financial relations forms there where are funds of money is. Only with the advent of the state and the regular commodity-money reference there is an economic category the finance. Finance is objectively necessary, their necessity is caused by existence of commodity manufacture, the reference, and also action of the law of cost.The monetary relations developing between the enterprises in their economic activities, the circulation of funds in the course of manufacture mediates. A material basis of the finance is manufacture. Studying of economic structure of any society of the modern state is impossible without the financial system analysis, representing set of financial relations and institutes regulating them. Financial relations represent an important component of the general economic relations inh erent in any public system.Through the financial mechanism the state forms and uses funds of the money resources necessary for performance of its numerous functions in political, economic and social spheres. The financial system covers numerous institutes of public finances which operate in close interaction with credit institutes of different function. Subject of my research is set of the financial and monetary and credit relations demanding the new approach to their regulation in the conditions of transition to market economy.A methodological basis the complex system approach to studying of a problem of reforming of financially-credit system of Republic Kazakhstan in the conditions of transition to market economy makes, applications in these purposes of various concepts of world economic thought on increase of a role of the finance, money and the credit in management of national economy. The financial sector of Kazakhstan is the largest financial sector in Central Asia. It possess es enormous fossil fuel reserves as well as minerals and metals.It also has considerable agricultural potential with its vast steppe lands accommodating both livestock and grain production, as well as developed space infrastructure, which took over all launches to the International Space Station from the Space Shuttle. The mountains in the south are important for apples and walnuts; both species grow wild there. Kazakhstan's industrial sector rests on the extraction and processing of these natural resources and also on a relatively large machine building sector specializing in construction equipment, tractors, agricultural machinery, and some military items.The urgency of the given theme can't be exaggerated, after all a financial system, by right, it is considered a basis of bases of any modern state. Many crises of economy are connected with infringement of its functioning. Therefore it is necessary to know all subtleties of its device for maintenance of normal functioning of any country. It is possible to assert that each link of a financial system is its independent element, but this independence is relative in middle the uniform complete.The financial system is a set of various kinds of funds of the financial resources concentrated at the disposal of the state, not financial sector of economy (managing subjects), separate financial institutions and the population (households) for execution of the functions assigned to them, and also for satisfaction of economic and social requirements. The modern world is the world of all-round and all-powerful commodity-money relations. They penetrate internal life of any state and its activity on international scene.In the course of reproduction at different levels, since the enterprise and finishing national economy as a whole, funds of money resources are formed. Thus has no value, in what form money acts: In the form of cash paper signs, roofing felts in the form of credit cards, or on appearing on bank accounts of t he sums in general out of any form. Global financial and economic crisis has shown weaknesses of existing models of financial relations both of universal scale, and at national level. Weaknesses have been revealed in structure of state regulation and in activity of financial institutions.Problems of financial institutions were showed in imperfection and discrepancy of control systems by risks to modern lines and level of accepted risks (both on degree, and on quality of risks), low level of the corporate governance, an insufficient transparency and, as consequence, an inefficiency of the business models, appeared sensitive to negative tendencies. One of distinctive features of the post crisis period is necessity of elimination of the revealed problems of financial sector, correction of the admitted errors and maintenance stable diversified growth.It is necessary to continue work on creation of a modern, steady and competitive financial system of sovereign Kazakhstan. In this work us ed a proceedings of domestic and foreign scientists; rich world’s experience of functioning of financially-credit systems of the countries with the developed and developing market economy, principles of systematization and developments. Main part CONCEPT OF THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM By definition, the financial system is a set of financial relations. By the nature financial relations are distributive, and cost distribution is carried out first of all on subjects.Subjects form monetary funds of a special-purpose designation depending on them play what role a social production: whether are its direct participants, whether will organize insurance protection or carry out state regulation. The role of the subject in a social production represents itself as the first objective criterion of classification of financial relations. According to it in the general set of financial relations large spheres can be allocated: the finance of the enterprises, establishments and the organizations; i nsurance; public finances.In each of the named spheres links are allocated, and the grouping of financial relations is carried out depending on character of activity of the subject, making defining impact on structure and appointment of target monetary funds. This criterion allows to allocate in sphere of the finance of the enterprises (establishments, the organizations) such links, as the finance of the enterprises functioning on the commercial beginnings: the finance of establishments and the organizations which are carrying out noncommercial activity; the finance of public associations.In insurance sphere where character of activity of the subject predetermines specificity of object of insurance, as links act: social insurance, property and personal insurance, responsibility insurance, insurance of enterprise risks. In sphere of public finances – accordingly, the state budget, off-budget funds, the state credit. Spheres and links of financial relations are interconnected, forming in aggregate uniform financial system. Different links of a financial system serve different kinds of financial distribution: intraeconomic – the finance of the enterprises.Inside branch – the finance of the enterprises, complexes, associations, interbranch and between territorial – the state budget, off-budget funds. Each link of a financial system is in turn subdivided on under links according to internal structure of financial interrelations containing in it. So, as a part of the finance of the enterprises functioning on the commercial beginnings, depending on a branch orientation, the finance industrial, agricultural, trading, transport agencies etc. and in dependence o? patterns of ownership – the finance of the state enterprises, cooperative, joint-stock can be isolated, private, etc. Branch and economic features of the enterprises functioning on the commercial beginnings, make essential impact on the organization of financial relations, str ucture of formed monetary funds of a special-purpose designation, an order of their formation and use. THE ANALYSIS OF THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM OF KAZAKHSTANAccording to many experts, Kazakhstan has already overcome the most painful after achievement of financial stabilization peak of structural economic transformations and has achieved appreciable successes, realizing own strategy and, tactics of economic reforms. In Kazakhstan for fifteen years of independence the system of economic and social relations has completely changed. Since the beginning in 1994 of global economic reforms financial stabilization is appreciably reached, privatization of all state ownership approaches end, manufacture lifting was outlined.If in 1993 inflation made over two thousand percent in 2001 it has decreased to 23, 7 %, And today makes about 7-9 %. There was almost full liberalization of the prices and cancellation of the majority of restrictions in foreign trade sphere. In 1996 growth of a total internal product in comparison with previous year on 0, 5 % has been for the first time in recent years provided. The rate of refinancing of National Bank of the Republic Kazakhstan, reaching in the middle of 1994 450-480 %, has decreased more than in 20 times. Carrying out of a rational policy of the State expenditure has provided decrease in a shortage level of the budget.In turn, it has allowed to put the strong base of maintenance of financial stabilization of economy: real preconditions of attraction of the investments, promoting moderate economic growth, lifting and structural reorganization of national economy and improvement on this basis of quality of life of the population are created. One of the basic sections of the governmental program on deepening of reforms for 1996-1998 was reforming of a control system by financial resources of the country and its adaptation to market conditions.Thereupon, last years efforts of the government have been directed first of all on rationalizati on of budgetary expenses, strengthening of financial discipline, creation of the real proprietor and stimulation of attraction of investments into development of economy of republic, perfection of interbudgetary relations and formation of the effective mechanism of management by the state external and internal debt, strengthening and development of the market of the state securities and other tools of a market infrastructure.Despite complexity of an economic situation, last years from the republican budget were allocated considerable means for support of domestic commodity producers, sanitation and rehabilitation of the state enterprises, financing of investment and social projects, objects of small and average business. In particular, only in 199? to year on these purposes it is directed over 15 % of budgetary funds, or 26,9 billion tenge, including on agriculture development – 9,8 billion tenge, or 91,4 % to the forecast.Credits to Eximbank for financing of investment proje cts have made 3,6 billion tenge, or 99,5 % to the plan, and Rehabilitation bank for carrying out of procedures on the insolvent enterprises – 5,8 billion tenge, or 97,1 % to the plan. For the purpose of attraction of the foreign capital for expansion of manufacture and acquisition of skills on marketing and management per 1995 1996 transfer of some the large enterprises black and nonferrous metallurgy, chemical branch to foreign investors was carried out.It is possible to criticize the government for these measures as nobody is insured from errors in business such extremely difficult and absolutely new to us, but the fact remains somehow, of course. By these enterprises only for 1996 it is made production more than on 190 billion tenge that makes almost 28 % from industrial output total amount. In comparison with the corresponding period of 1995 (on 6 %), hire ready (on 7 %), copper refined (in 1,4 times), magnesium and magnesian alloys (in 1,5 times), lead steel manufacture has increased in a concentrate (on 5,8 %), alumina (on 5,8 %).Manufacture of iron ore and pig-iron has increased also. But the most important thing – here was possible to keep employment, to avoid large social conflicts and measures on strengthening of control over tax revenues from these enterprises are now undertaken. A key problem of the government there is a creation of the real proprietor that will allow to expand profitable base of the budget. In 1996 it is considerable Rates of carrying out of privatization according to separate individual projects were accelerated. Now almost all large enterprises is in private hands.At the given stage the big work on end of privatization of objects under individual projects is spent. At the same time, as well as in other countries with transitive economy, development of budgetary sphere during the last years at us restrained decrease in level of public revenues, as consequence of the most severe crisis and high inflation in previous years, deterioration of a financial condition and financial discipline, first of all, at the state enterprises, weak tax administration and complexities with the taxation of a growing private sector.For example, incomes of the state budget to gross national product level have decreased from 22,3 % and 1993 to 16,9 % in 1996, including tax revenues from 15,6 % to 11 % to gross national product. The basic share of tax revenues in 1996 has been provided at the expense of taxes from consumers – 40,7 % to a total sum of taxes. In 1997 budget incomes will make 15,3 % to gross national product, including tax – 11,7 %, per 1998 accordingly – 16,4 % and 12,2 % to gross national product level.For the decision of the large problems concerning the general policy in the field of the State expenditure, in 1996 there have been begun large-scale reforms: on optimization of a network and structure of social sphere, reorganization of system of the central and local executive powe rs, reforming of housing and communal services, social protection and population provision of pensions. On realization pension reform in 1997 it has been listed 36 billion tenge to State payable center from the state budget.For 1999 the budgeted deficit at a rate of 5,5 % to gross national product as a result of granting of transfers from the budget to the Pension fund on 52 billion tenge and payment of social benefits for 23 billion tenge was put. Thus, the budgetary policy gets even more social orientation. Formation, public health services, social insurance and maintenance will be priority directions of an expenditure of public funds. As a whole, the share of expenses on social programs under the budget project for 1998 has made 61,5 % of all expenses of the state.For the decision of social problems of republic in 1997 the Republic Kazakhstan government had been undertook serious steps on strengthening of a profitable part of the state budget. The basic directions in the field we re strengthening of control over receipts of taxes and work with separate tax bearers, perfection of methods of administration behind taxation, modernization and a computerization of tax services of republic. However these measures haven't given fast effect and in 2000 financial possibilities of the state budget have been limited.Thereupon, the basic accent in the budgetary policy of this year has been directed on more efficient control state ownership, rational use of public finances, strengthening of control over a target expenditure of means of tax bearers. Work in this direction will be constantly spent and regularly. Despite additional loading on the state budget in connection with reforming of system of provision of pensions and occurrence of powerful expenses on state debt service, the government has allocated in the budget of 2000 considerably a great sum for investment programs, than in previous years.If in 1997 budgetary investments were provided at a rate of 19,9 billion tenge in the following from the budget to priority investment projects at the expense of external sources it has been directed 34 billion tenge, or about 400 mln. dollars that, in turn, stimulated considerable growth of solvent demand and lifting of economy of republic. The basic priorities of the state investment program are development of a social and industrial infrastructure, and also housing construction activization. the list of investment projects projects on education system rehabilitation, development of a high system, reconstruction of irrigational systems and water supply systems enter. Financing of projects is provided at the expense of means of the state budget, and also at the expense of the means given by foreign donors. Since 1998, the Ministry of Finance refuses direct credits of National Bank. For budgeted deficit financing in 1998 noninflationary sources and market methods of loan in the internal and external financial markets have been used only.In 1997 it has no t been admitted any default under the state financial obligations that has seriously strengthened image of our country as the reliable partner in the international affairs. For the first time in history Kazakhstan in November, 1996 to it the international credit rating which has allowed already in month to carry out confident debut issue of Eurobonds in the sum of 200 mln. Dollars of the USA in the world financial markets is appropriated.On level of attraction of direct foreign investments per capita the republic is included confidently into the first five the CIS is central – also the East Europe countries, and also. Cumulative inflow of direct foreign investments, according to the European bank of reconstruction and development, in economy of Kazakhstan during 1989-1996 has made 2761 mln. dollars of the USA. Unfortunately, in the near future it is not necessary to rely on internal resources. The advanced experience, new technologies and a know-how, administrative and market ing skills are necessary.That is why we apply many efforts for creation of a favorable investment climate in the country. It is possible to underline that Kazakhstan has now perfect enough legislative and institutional base for effective attraction and use of foreign investments. We have today the most liberal tax mode in comparison with other states CIS, the limited number of taxes – their only 11 against 45, existing in old tax laws. Important point is that reforms in republic moving forward. By estimations of the World Bank, Kazakhstan is the initiator and the leader among the CIS countries in carrying out of reforms.Involving investments into national economy, we solve also one more important social problem – preservation of employment of the population. It is rather actual for Kazakhstan as in 1996 by statistical bodies of republic it is recognized by officially jobless – 391,7 thousand people or 4,1 % from economically active population. One more factor is structural reforms. According to the government plans, all radical reforms should be finished the next two years. The transit status of the Kazakhstan economy, moving from a management system to market, will pass in the category more settled.For this purpose there are all conditions. It and legislative base of the market, both investment packages, and a way of the organization budgetary, tax, currency and an anti-inflationary policy, and, at last, a way of the organization of relations not only in economy, but also in a society. In republic strong enough reserve for steady growth of economy in the future is created. Results The Kazakhstan's financial system is characterized by high enough level of market concentration. Especially it concerns bank and pension sectors of the country.Presence of similar tendencies and a consequence of present crisis for financial sector of Kazakhstan have once again confirmed the traditional theory when risks of the largest financial institutions put system pressure upon a condition of all financial system. In these conditions one of key priorities of post crisis development will be competition stimulation in financial sector. It provides as a direct measure necessity of gradual increase in the minimum size of the capital first of all banks.Integration and consolidation or their reorganization in other kinds of financial institutions will promote growth of a market share of the average banks capable on mass products to render a due competition to big banks. Moreover, the most successful condition of development of banks and bank products is their competitiveness. It also is important from a position of expansion of coverage and population access to as much as possible wide list of bank services, especially in regions.It is necessary to pay attention to creation of conditions for expansion of possibilities of banks on granting of modern retail financial services, first of all the most demanded today the population of payment serv ices, by formation of a corresponding interbank infrastructure. Within the limits of this problem it is necessary to direct the basic efforts on integration of the components of an infrastructure of retail payments separated and poorly interconnected now with a view of achievement of increase of efficiency and technological compatibility.In case of need it is necessary to consider the problem on restriction of foreign participation in financial sector at a rate of no more than 50 % from a cumulative authorized capital stock separately on each segment of financial sector. With a view of development of a diligent competition in all segments of the financial market reduction of participation of the state to its full exit will be provided at achievement of sufficient level of a competition. ConclusionThe financial system is system of integration type, is characterized by a close connection of elements (subsystems) entering into it and that any of its subsystems can't exist independently : the finance, on the one hand, expresses a part of relations of production and consequently acts as an element of system of these relations, with another — represents the system consisting of interconnected elements, having the functional properties. In the finance it is possible to name as functional subsystems such, as tax, budgetary, financial plans (forecasts), budget financing, financial indicators, etc.Besides functional criterion of classification of a financial system classification by a sign of subjects of the finance (participating in financial relations) is applied that allows to differentiate a financial system on links. Links as the coordinated number of classification contain elements of the higher category: financial relations, the financial funds, the operating device. Such property of ordering gives to a financial system integration character. In market relations economy functioning commodity-money relations are regulated by the state in ready smaller degree . The basic regulators — supply and demand of the goods, works, services.Out of commodity relations the finance can't exist. Only at an exchange of the made goods, services, their realization for certain money's worth at commodity producers the monetary gain is formed. From a gain from realization of production, works, services corresponding funds of money resources which go on compensation of the spent means of production, payment should be allocated. And cost of an additional product should be distributed on the parts satisfying to economic interests of all participants of a social production, industrial spheres, invalid members of a society, for creation of insurance funds and resources.Large financial investments are necessary for realization of reorientation of economy, therefore important problems are research of sources of structural transformations, parity definition between means of the state in the form of budgetary appropriations and own means of the enterprises. T he state budget as the tool of management of economy has the integrated influence on a social production as financial document, as the economic lever; and as stimulus. The state budget is the central link of a financial system.In it find interrelation various types of income, expenses and the state loans. The profitable part contains the list of arriving means, and account – unites all kinds of made loans. I. e. the state budget is an economic category which expresses relations of production in the monetary form, arising between the state and other participants of a social production in the course of distribution and re-distribution of cost of a public product. The state budget is the tool of realization of a state policy and the basic source of money resources for realization of the planned programs.Formation of a profitable part has now many problems, therefore the frequent updating of tax laws aggravating position of the enterprises, negatively influence manufacture proces s, so, on a state budget condition. An important question at state budget drawing up is directions of an expenditure of the budgetary funds, connected with carrying out of a financially-budgetary policy. At level of micro-economics the financial system structure is made by the primary finance – at the enterprises and in house economy.Their financial activity includes two moments: formation of money resources (that occurs by means of initial distribution of incomes) and an expenditure of such means. Incomes and expenses are balanced counterbalanced) as follows. The condition of the finance is reflected in the enterprises in the account of profits and losses (expenses). In housekeeping the received incomes (from use of factors of manufacture) are compared with expenses (expenses for current consumption and savings).Primary finance at macroeconomic level forms base of the secondary finance of the state. They are formed as a result of the subsequent distribution (or redistributio ns) incomes mainly by means of taxes. Taxes – obligatory payments of the enterprises and the population which the state raises taking into account size of primary incomes. Public finance plays an important role in growth of the state consumption which creates additional demand, expands home market. In the end it would be desirable to draw personal conclusions on the given work: The main problem in financial sphere, in my opinion, consists that quantitative growth of a profitable part of the budget of Kazakhstan and all other important financial indicators is reached at the expense of falling of a course of tenge in relation to dollar and at the expense of incomes of the oil-extracting industry that can lead to deep economic recession as all financial and economic system depends on the quotation of the given raw materials in the world market; – In Kazakhstan still and the system of crediting of small-scale business isn't developed.The given sphere of economy is very imp ortant in market economy as on an example of the developed countries it is visible that it makes gross national product most part. Agriculture after disorder of the USSR it has appeared in a difficult situation, therefore a priority problem of the state at present consists in crediting through banks of the second level of the given branch. – In Kazakhstan development of such important financial tools as the credit, the deposit and leasing has already begun.In the conditions of market economy their role consists in acceleration of formation of seed capital that is very important in Kazakhstan where shortage in investments is felt. – Financial control in Kazakhstan is carried out by financial police and the Ministry of Finance. At present the is standard-legal base concerning financial relations is still reformed, but it is enough already developed positions for regulation of financial processes in Kazakhstan. – For today sharply there is a question on advantage o f the state budget.It speaks about badly thought over strategy of an expenditure of means. – Besides, despite repeated increases of a salary to workers of budgetary sphere, in our republic differentiation of monetary incomes of the population is still strong. Settlement of this question in the future can lead to increase in tax revenues in budget of Kazakhstan. Priority problem of Republic Kazakhstan for today is, in my opinion, settlement of the above-named problems. References 1. , , 24. 4. 95 ? 2235  «? ? ?  ». 2. ? 355-1 31. 03. 99  «? ? ? , ,  «? ? ?  » ? 2235 24. 04. 95 ». 3. ? 357-1 01. 04. 00 â€Å"? †. 4. ? 359-1 01. 04. 00 â€Å"? ? ? â€Å"? 2001 †. 5. ?. ?. , (1997), , () 6. ?. ?. , (1996), , () 7. ?. ? (1998), , () 8. ?. ?. (1998), , () 9. ?. ?. (1997), , () 10. ?. ?. , ?. ?. ,(1998), , () 11. ?. ?.. ?. ?. , (1998), . , (, -?) 12. . 13. 2030